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The Age Of Industrialisation MCQ and Answers

1. What is proto-industrialisation?

A. Industry based on heavy factory production

B. first and early form of Industrialization

C. Industry based on modern technology

D. Rural Industry

Answer: B

2. Were the new industries easily able to displace traditional industries?

A. yes the new industry took over easily

B. No, a large portion of the output was produced not within factories, but outside, within domestic units.

C. the new industry dominated most sectors

D. the new industry partially managed to make place for itself

Answer: B

3. Why didn’t the technological changes spread dramatically across the industrial landscape?

A. Merchants were not interested

B. it was difficult to learn and train staff for new technology

C. New technology was expensive and merchants and industrialists were cautious about using it.

D. there were little resources for damage control

Answer: C

4. What change took place in 1840s England?

A. building activity intensified, new railway stations came up, railway lines were extended, tunnels dug, drainage and sewers laid, rivers embanked, more opportunity for labour

B. there wasn’t much progress in the city dwelling

C. Stagnant industrial problems prevailed

D. labour had moved away from the cities

Answer: A

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5. The number of workers employed in the transport industry …………..in the 1840s.

A. Halved

B. Doubled

C. Lessened

D. Suffered unemployment

Answer: B

6. Before the age of the machine industry, where did the finer varieties of silk and cotton goods come from?

A. Egypt

B. India

C. Persia

D. Rome

Answer: B

7. After the consolidation of East India Company power after the 1760s, did the demand for Indian textiles deline?

A. Yes, they had started manufacturing their own cotton textile

B. Indian textiles were not exported from india due to high prices by Indian merchants

C. No, British cotton industries had not yet expanded and Indian fine textiles were in great demand in Europe

D. the demand had declined because it was not upto the European choice and use

Answer: C

8. How did the East India Company set up a monopoly over the weaving industry in India?

A. By openly fighting with the Portugese and other traders

B. By dominating the weaver through force of action

C. By bribing the weavers in the favour of the Company

D. By appointing the gomastha to get direct control over the weavers, providing loans, and giving time limits

Answer: D

9. What happened when the cotton industries developed in England in the 1850s onward?

A. Manchester goods had to be sold in Britain, these goods were to be exported to India as well, import from India declined.

B. English goods were not being sold in England due to quality problems

C. Demand for Indian textiles was more than Manchester goods

D. cotton industry was flooded in England, giving way to cheap products

Answer: A

10. What problems did the cotton weavers face in India?

A. they were forced to close down their production

B. export market collapsed, and the local market shrank, being glutted with Manchester machine made cheap imports.

C. handmade goods took longer to make as compared to Manchester imports

D. They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality after the American civil war

A. ii only

B. ii, iii and iv

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

11. First cotton mill in Bombay came up in the year ………..and it went into production two years later?

A. 1850

B. 1854

C. 1852

D. 1851

Answer: B

12. In the year ………. the first spinning and weaving mill of Madras began production?

A. 1874

B. 1872

C. 1877

D. 1875

Answer: A

13. In the late 18th century which country did the upcoming indian Businessman gain maximum profit from?

A. England.

B. Burma

C. China

D Ceylon

Answer: C

14. What did the Indian merchants export to Britain after the colonial control over Indian trade tightened?

A. rice

B. jute

C. handicrafts

D. raw cotton, opium, wheat and indigo

Answer: D

15. Where did the workers come from to work in the Indian Industries that were set up?

A. In most industrial regions workers came from the districts around

B. they came from different states and regions around

C. they were brought in from Burma and Ceylon

D. they did not come around due to lack of mobility

Answer: A

16. What was the role of the jobber?

A. was a production manager

B. A finance manager

C. employed by the business house to get new recruits

D. sales head

Answer: C

17. What were the European Managing Agencies interested in doing in India?

i. setting up tea and coffee plantations

ii. invested in mining, indigo and jute

iii. importing handmade goods

iv. leving high tariffs on Indian produce

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

18. Which country was yarn mainly exported to?

A. Burma

B. Britain

C. China

D. Japan

Answer: C

19. What changes occurred in the Industrial pattern in the first decade of the twentieth century?

i. As the swadeshi movement gathered momentum, nationalists mobilised people to boycott foreign cloth

ii. the export of Indian yarn to China declined since produce from Chinese and Japanese mills flooded the Chinese market.

iii. industrialists in India began shifting from yarn to cloth production

iv. Cotton piece goods production in India doubled between 1900 and 1912.

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: C

20. What impact did the First World War have on the Industrial Growth in India?

i. Manchester imports into India declined, Indian mills had a vast home market to supply

ii. Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs: jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles

iii. Industrial growth declined

iv. there was lack of raw material and supplies

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

21. After the war, was Manchester able to recapture its old position in the Indian market ?

A. Yes

B. Yes, later after a few years

C. No, the economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically

D. Indians welcomed the Manchester imports

Answer: C

22. Where were the Indian large scale industries located around 1911?

i. Gujrat

ii Calcutta

iii. Bombay

iv. Bengal

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. iii and iv

Answer: D

23. What was the status of the handloom industry in the first half of the 20th century in India?

A. collapsed

B. partially survived

C. handloom cloth production expanded steadily

D. British interference was too much

Answer: C

24. With the invention of the fly shuttle what was the impact on the handloom industry?

A. it was not very productive

B. it needed too much training

C. increased productivity per worker, speeded up production and reduced labour demand

D. reduced production

Answer: C

25. Which regions benefited from the fly shuttle equipment?

A. Travancore, Madras, Mysore, Cochin, Bengal

B. Bombay

C. Gujrat

D. Pune

Answer: A

26. Certain groups of weavers were in a better position than others to survive the competition with mill industries, how?

i. weavers got their designs from abroad

ii. mills could not imitate specialised weaves. Saris with woven borders, or the famous lungis and handkerchiefs of Madras, could not be easily displaced by mill production.

iii. they had original indeginous designs

iv. weavers did not have to make much effort

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. ii and iii

D. None of the above

Answer: C

27. What kind of livelihood did the weavers and other craftspeople have who continued to expand production through the twentieth century?

i. They lived hard lives and worked long hours

ii. often the entire household – including all the women and children – had to work

iii. they made profits and lived well

iv. they were rich and prosperous

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

28. How were new consumers created?

A. by producing free for new areas

B. through advertisement

C. by giving samples

D. by setting up middlemen

Answer: B

29. What did the Manchester label say?

A. Made in England

B. Made in UK

C. Made in Manchester

D. Made in Europe

Answer: C

30. Indian labels did not only carry words and texts. They also carried ………..

A. date of manufacture

B. images

C. name of the company

D. sample of the design

Answer: B

31. What kind of images were made on the labels?

A. intricate designs

B. scenery

C. gods & goddesses

D. picture of the factory

Answer: C

32. Which was a popular mode of advertisement?

A. newspapers

B. magazines

C. radio news

D. calendars

Answer: D

33. What other images were used on the calendars?

A. landscapes

B. models

C. pictures of nawabs and emperors

D. sculptures

Answer: C

34. Why were calendars a popular mode of advertisement?

i. calendars were used even by people who could not read.

ii. hung in tea shops and in poor people’s homes just as much as in offices and middle-class apartments

iii. they were cheap

iv. they came out in mass production

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

35. Why were the pictures of Nawabs and Emperors used on calendars?

i. The message very often seemed to say: if you respect the royal figure, then respect this product

ii. when the product was being used by kings, or produced under royal command, its quality could not be questioned.

iii. to gain false publicity

iv. the nawabs paid patronship to advertise

A. i only

B. i and ii

C. All of the above

D. None of the above

Answer: B

36. Advertisements became a vehicle of the nationalist message of …………

A. Swaraj

B. Anti British

C. Swadeshi

D. Independence of India

Answer: C

37. What was the rate of technological changes occurring in England at the time?

A. rapid

B. moderate

C. slow

D. no change

Answer: C

38. Which were the non mechanical sectors that were coming up?

A. building, pottery

B Food processing

C. food processing, building, pottery, glass work, tanning, furniture making

D. hand made goods such as embroidery

Answer: C

39. What was the general pattern of this Industry?

A. Merchants were based in towns but the work was done mostly in the countryside

B. the complete work was done in the towns

C. factory network was built

D. All management was done in the rural area

Answer: A

40. London in fact came to be known as a ……………. before the cloth was sold in the international market.

A. trade centre

B. Finishing Centre

C. work centre

D. manufacturing centre

Answer: B

41. Who introduced the cotton mill?

A. James Watt

B. Mathew Boulton

C. Henry Patullo

D. Richard Arkwright

Answer: D

42. What changes took place after the creation of the mill?

A. production was brought together under one roof and management. This allowed a more careful supervision over the production process, a watch over quality, and the regulation of labour

B. cotton became costly

C. production became difficult

D. designs were limited

Answer: A

43. What did the most dynamic industries in Britain produce?

A. Polyester and metals

B. Jute and cotton

C. Cotton and metals

D. Furniture and food processing

Answer: C

44. Who improved the steam engine produced by Newcomen and patented the new engine in 1781?

A. James Watt

B. Mathew Boulton

C. Richard Arkwright

D. Henry Patullo

Answer: A

45. What was the status of human labour in Victorian Britain?.Was there a shortage?

A. yes there were limited number of workers

B. there was no shortage of human labour. Poor peasants and vagrants moved to the cities in large numbers in search of jobs

C. labour had to be imported

D. there was uneven distribution of labour

Answer: B

46. What kinds of production demanded seasonal labour?

A. steel and iron

B. cotton and textiles

C. handmade goods

D. Gas works and breweries, in cold months; Bookbinders and printers before Christmas; Ship repairs during winter

Answer: D

47. Why were handmade goods popular in England?

A. cheaper rates

B. fast production

C. demand in the market was often for goods with intricate designs and specific shapes specially by the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie class

D. made at order was easier

Answer: C

48. Handmade products came to symbolise refinement and class because……………

A. They were better finished, individually produced, and carefully designed

B. Easily available labour.

C. made for the choice of individuals

D. not easily affordable

Answer: A

49. What was the possibility of getting a job with such abundance of labour in the cities?

A. jobs were given on the basis of merit and artistry of the jobseeker

B. a job depended on existing networks of friendship and kin relations in the factory

C. jobs were given, if you were registered with a particular factory

D. first come, first serve basis

Answer: B

50. What happened when the Spinning Jenny was introduced in the woolen industry?

A. The women welcomed it very well

B. it was not able to produce in competition to labour

C. women who survived on hand spinning began attacking the new machines.

D. there was no conflict over the introduction of the jenny

Answer: C

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